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Three.js and TypeScript
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Design Patterns in TypeScript
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Design Patterns in Python
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Ambient Light

Video Lecture

Ambient Light Ambient Light

Description

Note

Since Three r155, the default of WebGLRenderer.useLegacyLights was changed from true to false and will also be deprecated in r165. This means that intensity may need to be changed when using various types of lights if you want them to match your previous versions of Threejs. In simplest terms, the intensities for ambient, hemisphere, directional lights and light maps can be restored by multiplying PI with the existing light intensity values.

E.g., if your intensity was 2, use

new THREE.AmbientLight(0xffffff, Math.PI * 2)

  • Lights all objects in the scene equally, except for self illuminating objects such as MeshBasicMaterial, MeshNormalMaterial and MeshMatcapMaterial.
  • Doesn't cast shadows.
  • Light is spread equally in all directions and distances. So positioning the light different from the default position of [0, 0, 0] will make no difference.
  • Materials won't show shading depending on geometry normals and there will be no specular affect, so meshes in front of other meshes will be invisible if they have identical materials or even a single colour map texture.

Lesson Script

./src/client/client.ts

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import * as THREE from 'three'
import { OrbitControls } from 'three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls'
import Stats from 'three/examples/jsm/libs/stats.module'
import { GUI } from 'dat.gui'

const scene = new THREE.Scene()
scene.add(new THREE.AxesHelper(Math.PI))

const light = new THREE.AmbientLight(0xffffff, Math.PI)
scene.add(light)

const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(
    75,
    window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight,
    0.1,
    1000
)
camera.position.z = 7

const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer()
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement)

new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)

// const planeGeometry = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(20, 10)//, 360, 180)
// const plane = new THREE.Mesh(planeGeometry, new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial())
// plane.rotateX(-Math.PI / 2)
// //plane.position.y = -1.75
// scene.add(plane)

const torusGeometry = [
    new THREE.TorusGeometry(),
    new THREE.TorusGeometry(),
    new THREE.TorusGeometry(),
    new THREE.TorusGeometry(),
    new THREE.TorusGeometry(),
]

const material = [
    new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial(),
    new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial(),
    new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial(),
    new THREE.MeshPhysicalMaterial({}),
    new THREE.MeshToonMaterial(),
]

const torus = [
    new THREE.Mesh(torusGeometry[0], material[0]),
    new THREE.Mesh(torusGeometry[1], material[1]),
    new THREE.Mesh(torusGeometry[2], material[2]),
    new THREE.Mesh(torusGeometry[3], material[3]),
    new THREE.Mesh(torusGeometry[4], material[4]),
]

const texture = new THREE.TextureLoader().load('img/grid.png')
material[0].map = texture
material[1].map = texture
material[2].map = texture
material[3].map = texture
material[4].map = texture

torus[0].position.x = -8
torus[1].position.x = -4
torus[2].position.x = 0
torus[3].position.x = 4
torus[4].position.x = 8

scene.add(torus[0])
scene.add(torus[1])
scene.add(torus[2])
scene.add(torus[3])
scene.add(torus[4])

window.addEventListener('resize', onWindowResize, false)
function onWindowResize() {
    camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight
    camera.updateProjectionMatrix()
    renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)
    render()
}

const stats = new Stats()
document.body.appendChild(stats.dom)

const data = {
    color: light.color.getHex(),
    mapsEnabled: true,
}

const gui = new GUI()
const lightFolder = gui.addFolder('THREE.Light')
lightFolder.addColor(data, 'color').onChange(() => {
    light.color.setHex(Number(data.color.toString().replace('#', '0x')))
})
lightFolder.add(light, 'intensity', 0, Math.PI * 2, 0.01)

const ambientLightFolder = gui.addFolder('THREE.AmbientLight')
ambientLightFolder.open()

const meshesFolder = gui.addFolder('Meshes')
meshesFolder.add(data, 'mapsEnabled').onChange(() => {
    material.forEach((m) => {
        if (data.mapsEnabled) {
            m.map = texture
        } else {
            m.map = null
        }
        m.needsUpdate = true
    })
})

function animate() {
    requestAnimationFrame(animate)

    torus.forEach((t) => {
        t.rotation.y += 0.01
    })

    render()

    stats.update()
}

function render() {
    renderer.render(scene, camera)
}

animate()