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Texture Mipmaps

Video Lecture

Texture Mipmaps Texture Mipmaps Texture Mipmaps

Description

Mipmapping is a texture rendering technique that is applied on a per-texture basis.

When mipmapping is enabled (default), the GPU will use different size versions of a texture to render a surface depending on how far away it is from the camera.

Magnification Filters

Defines the textures magnification function to be used when the pixel being textured maps to an area less than or equal to one texture element (texel).

texture.magFilter =

  • THREE.NearestFilter
  • THREE.LinearFilter (Default)

Minification Filters

Defines the textures minifying function that is used when the pixel being textured maps to an area greater than one texture element (texel).

texture.minFilter =

  • THREE.NearestFilter
  • THREE.NearestMipmapNearestFilter
  • THREE.NearestMipmapLinearFilter
  • THREE.LinearFilter
  • THREE.LinearMipmapNearestFilter
  • THREE.LinearMipmapLinearFilter (Default)

Lesson Script

./src/client/client.ts

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import * as THREE from 'three'
import { OrbitControls } from 'three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls'
import Stats from 'three/examples/jsm/libs/stats.module'
import { GUI } from 'dat.gui'

const scene1 = new THREE.Scene()
const scene2 = new THREE.Scene()

const axesHelper1 = new THREE.AxesHelper(5)
scene1.add(axesHelper1)
const axesHelper2 = new THREE.AxesHelper(5)
scene2.add(axesHelper2)

const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(
    75,
    window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight,
    0.1,
    1000
)
camera.position.z = 1

const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer()
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement)

new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)

const planeGeometry1 = new THREE.PlaneGeometry()
const planeGeometry2 = new THREE.PlaneGeometry()

const texture1 = new THREE.TextureLoader().load('img/grid.png')
const texture2 = texture1.clone()

const material1 = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({ map: texture1 })
const material2 = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({ map: texture2 })

texture2.minFilter = THREE.NearestFilter
texture2.magFilter = THREE.NearestFilter

const plane1 = new THREE.Mesh(planeGeometry1, material1)
const plane2 = new THREE.Mesh(planeGeometry2, material2)

scene1.add(plane1)
scene2.add(plane2)

window.addEventListener('resize', onWindowResize, false)
function onWindowResize() {
    camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight
    camera.updateProjectionMatrix()
    renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)
    render()
}

const options = {
    minFilters: {
        NearestFilter: THREE.NearestFilter,
        NearestMipMapLinearFilter: THREE.NearestMipMapLinearFilter,
        NearestMipMapNearestFilter: THREE.NearestMipMapNearestFilter,
        'LinearFilter ': THREE.LinearFilter,
        'LinearMipMapLinearFilter (Default)': THREE.LinearMipMapLinearFilter,
        LinearMipmapNearestFilter: THREE.LinearMipmapNearestFilter,
    },
    magFilters: {
        NearestFilter: THREE.NearestFilter,
        'LinearFilter (Default)': THREE.LinearFilter,
    },
}
const gui = new GUI()
const textureFolder = gui.addFolder('THREE.Texture')
textureFolder
    .add(texture2, 'minFilter', options.minFilters)
    .onChange(() => updateMinFilter())
textureFolder
    .add(texture2, 'magFilter', options.magFilters)
    .onChange(() => updateMagFilter())
textureFolder.open()

function updateMinFilter() {
    // for Three r137 and earlier
    // texture2.minFilter = Number(texture2.minFilter)
    // texture2.needsUpdate = true

    // for Three r138 and later
    material2.map = new THREE.TextureLoader().load('img/grid.png')
    material2.map.minFilter = Number(texture2.minFilter)
    material2.map.magFilter = Number(texture2.magFilter)
}
function updateMagFilter() {
    // for Three r137 and earlier
    // texture2.magFilter = Number(texture2.magFilter)
    // texture2.needsUpdate = true

    // for Three r138 and later
    material2.map = new THREE.TextureLoader().load('img/grid.png')
    material2.map.minFilter = Number(texture2.minFilter)
    material2.map.magFilter = Number(texture2.magFilter)
}

const stats = Stats()
document.body.appendChild(stats.dom)

function animate() {
    requestAnimationFrame(animate)

    render()

    stats.update()
}

function render() {
    renderer.setScissorTest(true)

    renderer.setScissor(0, 0, window.innerWidth / 2 - 2, window.innerHeight)
    renderer.render(scene1, camera)

    renderer.setScissor(
        window.innerWidth / 2,
        0,
        window.innerWidth / 2 - 2,
        window.innerHeight
    )
    renderer.render(scene2, camera)

    renderer.setScissorTest(false)
}
animate()

Mipmap

Manhattan Distance